A head of household (sometimes called “head of family”) exemption is a special form of protection that can shield all or most of your wages from attachment by creditors. Not every state has this exemption, but many do.

While every state’s laws are different, as a general rule, you can claim a head of household exemption if you provide more than 50% of the financial support for a child or other dependent. The extent of wage protection varies from state to state.

Below are three examples of how some states formulate the head of household exemptions. The amount of your disposable earnings (meaning, income remaining after legally required deductions like taxes have been taken) are exempt as follows:

• 100%, fully exempt (such as in Florida)
• up to 90% exempt, meaning that creditors can garnish no more than 10% of your disposable income (such as in Missouri), or
• whatever amount is necessary for the care and support of your family.

How to Claim the Head Of Household Exemption

If you live in a state that provides a head of household exemption, that protection may not be automatic. That means you may have to take steps to claim the exemption before you can activate the wage protection. Each state’s law varies on how you can use a head of household exemption. However, you often must do the following:

• file a claim of exemption or head of household affidavit, usually within a short period of time after receiving notice of the wage garnishment, and
• attend a hearing to explain why you believe you qualify for the head of household exemption.

Finding Your State’s Law

If you receive a notice that your wages are about to be garnished, you should research the laws of your state to find out if you are entitled to the head of household exemption and, if you are, how to claim that protection.